- A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT UPDATE
- A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT SKIN
- A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT PLUS
Nasal gauze packing should not be performed by an untrained person. Physical assessment rather than an EMK item, except for nasal balloons or nasal tampons for protracted nosebleeds, is required. The danger of airway obstruction and inhaling a foreign body such as part of a toy, a piece of Lego, a lump of ice or bolus of food, or a free-floating plastic object are additional IME hazards. Other common pediatric conditions that could arise include febrile convulsions, epileptic seizures, acute asthmatic attacks, and an acute epistaxis. Some families may prepare for a journey, but specific items such as an epinephrine pen will have to accompany them in checked baggage as such items are not permissible in carry-ons. The lack of research information about pediatric care in flight is apparent. This medication has not yet been universally implemented. The issue centered on the lack of emergency epinephrine treatment by pen injection for an acute and severe allergic reaction in flight.
A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT UPDATE
The US House of Representatives introduced legislation in 2015 15 “to require airlines to update their emergency kits to better protect kids in-flight”. The frequency of reporting significant IMEs is 1:10,000–40,000. In-flight medical emergencies (IMEs) appear to be more frequent today because of increased numbers of passengers, especially older people with chronic diseases traveling.
The Resuscitation Council (UK) 10 gives an estimate of ~1,000 passengers dying during commercial flights annually. Supplementary oxygen is available for short periods. Pulse oximeters would be invaluable in monitoring any compromised passenger. Cabin pressure can cause a 10% fall in PaO 2, even for entirely healthy passengers. In 2011, Ahmedzai et al 14 suggested pre-flight screening for passengers with respiratory disorders because of the decrease in PaO 2 compromise. Support for monitoring oxygen levels arose in 2015 from Kesapli et al, 13 but routine pulse oximetry is not yet included. Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) can fall from 95 mmHg to as low as 60 mmHg at the highest level of cabin pressure. The passenger cabin pressure is equivalent to an altitude of between 1,524 and 2,438 m (5,000–8,000 ft). Aircraft cruising heights can vary between 7,010 and 12,498 m (23,100–41,000 ft) above sea level. In 2009, Silverman and Gendreau 11 stated that “Environmental and physiological changes that occur during routine commercial flights lead to mild hypoxia and gas expansion, which can exacerbate chronic medical conditions or incite acute in-flight medical events.” The advent of long-haul flights lasting 12–14 hours can cause a more significant adverse effect on vulnerable passengers.
Urinary catheter with sterile lubricating gelĪbbreviations: AED, automated external defibrillator EMK, emergency medical kit IATA, International Air Transport Association. Include: Laminated instructions for the use of equipment and medications (English, French, and Spanish) Support immobilizing splints (wrist, fingers) Sterile dressings – range of sizes and thickness Scissors (large for clothing and small for dressings, cutting tape, and so on) Oral airways (three sizes – child, adolescent, and adult)
A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT PLUS
Intravenous catheters (sizes 14, 16, 18, and 20 G plus butterfly needles) Non-narcotic analgesic (injection or oral)
A BIBLE SCRIPTURE FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANT SKIN
10 The authors recommend the inclusion of pulse oximetry for all flights, and this is not a new item for the IATA to consider for wide-spread implementation.Īntiemetic (injection or oral) Antihistamine injectableĬardiopulmonary resuscitation masks – adult and childĮlectronic thermometer or skin temperature sensors No such mandate exists for European airlines to carry AEDs, although many now comply with a recommendation (Resuscitation Council, 2014–2018). (Recommended changes are printed in bold italic with the original contents left in place for comparison.) In 2004, the Federal Aviation Authority mandated all US commercial airlines should include on-board automated external defibrillators (AEDs) “on passenger flights that are large enough to have at least one flight attendant and to train cabin crew in their use”. In the authors’ opinion, the modified list ( Table 1) would be safer, feasible, and practical to implement. Diagnostic and critical management considerations took precedence. The authors reviewed IATA 1 publicly available onboard EMK content for international flights to identify potential areas for improvement, particularly for pediatric passengers in need of arising supportive care.
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